VU Midterm Past Papers
198 solved midterm past paper MCQs for BIF401 (Bioinformatics-I) at Virtual University, each with the correct answer marked. Use them to learn the VU question style and test your recall. An independent study tool — not affiliated with VU.
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Q1. Humans have over ________ genes
Q2. The genes may produce ________ different proteins
Q3. Modern biological experiments produce data which is stored on ____________.
Q4. Data is being accumulated at an __________ rate
Q5. Since genome and ____________ information is publically available, you can process this information after downloading it.
Q6. Biology easily has _______ years of exciting problems to work on.
Q7. “Biology easily has 500 years of exciting problems to work on” is saying of_______?
Q8. If we observe the growth of gene bank than from 1982 it comprised _________ base pairs.
Q9. By year 2002 growth of gene bank had risen to _______ base pairs.
Q10. Phylogenetic “tree of life” basically consists of following three domains:
Q11. Bioinformatics can be specifically applied to genomics through?
Q12. Bioinformatics can be specifically applied to proteomics through?
Q13. Bioinformatics can be specifically applied to evolutionary studies through:
Q14. Bioinformatics techniques have enabled us to generate ______ data and its utilization!
Q15. Step by step applications of bioinformatics are expanding from genome level to entire______?
Q16. Bioinformatics helps us to understand the systems from small to big like gene finding to________?
Q17. _______ integrate biological data
Q18. Simulations help validate testable hypotheses
Q19. Bioinformatics not only organizes, stores and analyzes biological data, but can also validate novel hypotheses
Q20. Recent trends in bioinformatics involve development of personalized therapeutics for_________?
Q21. NGS stands for ______?
Q22. Massive amount of biological data is in__________?
Q23. Identification of hitherto unknown types as well as roles of RNA is considered as frontier of bioinformatics in_____________?
Q24. Identification of known as well as novel post-translational modifications is considered as frontier of bioinformatics in _________ ?
Q25. Accurate solution of ___________ is one of the toughest problems.
Q26. ________ century is the century of Bioinformatics
Q27. _________ provides the blueprint for building cells
Q28. ________ dictates the production of cell’s proteins, carbohydrates & vitamins
Q29. DNA codes for ______
Q30. _____________ along with some other molecules form cells including their organelles and membrane.
Q31. Molecules like proteins and carbohydrate are produced after ___________ of DNA into proteins
Q32. DNA is constituted by _______ bases
Q33. __________ pairs with T only and __________ pairs with G
Q34. Process of transcription __________ nucleotides bases in the DNA
Q35. Based on the information received after decoding DNA, an RNA molecule is ___________.
Q36. RNA is constituted by four bases. These are ____________?
Q37. Name of pentose sugar present in DNA.
Q38. Protein and carbohydrates are produced as a result of transformation of RNA molecules. This transformation is called________
Q39. Ribosome reads an RNA transcript and ________ amino acids according to that from the cell’s cytosol
Q40. _____________ nucleotides are read at a time from the RNA
Q41. Each codon corresponds to a specific ________
Q42. Translation involves coding of proteins by RNAs at___________?
Q43. When ________ of amino acids takes place, water is formed.
Q44. The amino acids are joined with each other with peptide bonds and then fold with each other in___ form they make protein structure.
Q45. RNA sequences can be a little less than the ________ but they are in a much larger variety
Q46. Proteins have long sequences and are _______ in number
Q47. Both genbank and Uniprot are online databases and DNA, RNA and Protein sequences are available here online for ________
Q48. Uniprot is the public database which is being used to search the sequence of________?
Q49. Ubiquitin plays an important role in ________ for recycling the proteins
Q50. In Uniprot home page there is a box named_________
Q51. __________ include complete matching in terms of residues and their order
Q52. _____________ includes partial matching in terms of residues and order with room for variations in both.
Q53. In prosite pattern ________ separate the elements of the pattern
Q54. Bracketed numbers denote
Q55. If the repeat length varies, the _____ of this variation is quoted in the brackets.
Q56. How many types of matching?
Q57. In exact matching includes _________ matching in terms of residues and order with room for variations in both.
Q58. The process of inexact matching while keeping in view the _______ residues is called sequence “Alignment”
Q59. Pairwise sequence alignment is therefore alignment of a pair of ________ sequences
Q60. Pairwise sequence alignment takes into consideration _________ matching
Q61. In pairwise sequence alignment ________ are coloured.
Q62. In pairwise sequence alignment ________ are denoted by ‘.’
Q63. ______ could be inserted to account for insertions and deletions
Q64. Gaps (‘.’) may carry a penalty for ________ scores from unreasonable alignments
Q65. How many types of pairwise alignment?
Q66. The alignment with highest score is_________?
Q67. _________ maximizes the number of matches between the query and source sequences along the entire length of both the sequences
Q68. ________ includes Finding similar domains, motifs, detecting distant homology
Q69. Gaps are inserted in a sequence being aligned to __________ missing amino acids or nucleotides
Q70. ________ lead to Gaps in alignments
Q71. Sequences are written on ________ side of a dot matrix grid
Q72. ____________ is the number of nucleotides or amino acids which match exactly between two biological sequences
Q73. For computing similarity between sequences, you will need to first _______ the two sequences using pairwise sequence alignment!
Q74. ___________ is the comparison between sequences calculated by using alignment approach
Q75. Non-diagonal broken dots are ________ matches
Q76. Aligned portions of sequence can be considered in varying orders and the process is called ________?
Q77. Local alignments have the power to detect small regions of high ______ between two sequences
Q78. ___________ can be elicited from proteins belonging to different families
Q79. Alignment of insertions and deletions can be performed by insertion of ______ in either the template or the target sequence
Q80. __________ were addition or removal of amino acids from protein sequences OR nucleotides from DNA or RNA sequences
Q81. No ________ is inserted in template or target
Q82. Mutations are treated with __________ penalties
Q83. _________ are treated using gaps and gap penalties
Q84. To perform an alignment by sliding sequences across each other, we used ________ to find matching nucleotides and amino acids
Q85. Matches are labelled by ______ instead of a dot
Q86. __________ can be included in the dot plot as -1
Q87. Calculation steps determine the time taken by an _______?
Q88. _____________ is a costly process.
Q89. DP stands for__________?
Q90. DP uses a _____________ to deal with matches, mismatches and gaps!
Q91. Alignments are represented by ___________ in the dot matrix plot
Q92. Which cell is diagonal to any given cell i.e ( i , j)
Q93. Which option is correct is there is gap on y-indices
Q94. Which option is correct is there is gap on x-indices
Q95. In NEEDLEMAN WUNSCH ALGORITHM __________ is match score.
Q96. In NEEDLEMAN WUNSCH ALGORITHM __________ is mis-match penalty
Q97. In NEEDLEMAN WUNSCH ALGORITHM __________ is gap penalty.
Q98. NEEDLEMAN WUNSCH ALGORITHM finds optimal combination of aligned_________.
Q99. According to NEEDLEMAN WUNSCH ALGORITHM diagonal move is a _________?
Q100. After completely calculating the matrix, we need to do ________
Q101. Traceback allows us to extract the ________ alignment
Q102. Blosum matrices are used to align:
Q103. Pair wise sequence alignment consists comparison of-----sequences:
Q104. Pair wise alignment may be:
Q105. Dynamic programming cannot work after:
Q106. For multiple sequence alignment we use:
Q107. MSA involves the comparison of:
Q108. There are --- types of scoring matrices:
Q109. Blosum matrices were first proposed in:
Q110. Gaps are not allowed in:
Q111. In computing of blosum matrices if i=j then it means:
Q112. Characterize protein families based on ..................... regions
Q113. Evaluate evolutionary order of species or ..................
Q114. Pairwise alignment is the alignment of ........................
Q115. .................. can help to perform MSA!
Q116. In multiple sequence of Alignment -------- is required to remove sequence
Q117. Pairwise alignment include the sequence which is ...
Q118. Similar matrices =...............
Q119. ------------------- is the free tool which do all the process of MSA for our body .
Q120. Clustal is developed by .......... Molecular lab
Showing the first 120 of 198 MCQs.